Refinery Operations eLearning Library

OVERVIEW

Duration: 3 hours

In this program, you will learn about the basics of SYDEC delayed coking, including coker systems, process flow, and chemistry.

PRIMARY EQUIPMENT

Duration: 5 hours

In this program, you will learn about the primary equipment involved in the SYDEC delayed coking process, including the fractionator, heater, coke drum, and gas plant equipment.

OPERATIONS

Duration: 7 hours

In this program, you will learn about the process flow through the fractionator, heater, and code drums. You will also learn about operating procedures and gas plant operations.

AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

Duration: 2 hours

In this program, you will learn about coker unit auxiliary equipment related to the fractionator and the code drums, including coke cutting and handling.

CONSEQUENCES OF DEVIATION

Duration: 2 hours

In this program, you will learn how to prevent an abnormal operation in the coker unit, including within the fractionator. You will also learn about hazards specific to the coking process.

PROCESS HAZARDS

Duration: 1 hours

In this program, you will learn about process hazards in the coking process

OVERVIEW

Duration: 3 hours

Crude oil is made up of a variety of hydrocarbons. In its raw form, however, crude oil is of very little value. To make useful products, the oil must be separated into "cuts," or fractions, that contain similar types of hydrocarbons. This is accomplished by a process called distillation, or fractionation. Distillation uses heat to separate a mixture of hydrocarbons according to their respective boiling points. Crude Distillation is a series of learning programs covering the principles of distillation. This program, Distillation: Overview, begins by explaining the nature of oil, how it is made up and what happens to its structure when it is cracked or reformed. Next, it discusses the different properties of oil, giving special attention to the properties often referred to or measured in the refining process. The program also explains sensible heat, latent heat, vapor pressure, and partial pressure. These lessons form a review of the basic principles of the distillation process, and are presented as background for future programs in the series that explain the actual practical operation of distillation units. The final section of this program is about the process of distillation and how it works. This unit is designed to logically develop the knowledge of the distillation process from the elementary shell still through to the mechanisms of reflux, reboiling, and sidestream drawing of the sophisticated fractionator. An important lesson describes the temperature profile of the tower in distillation, showing the nature of the flow of liquid and vapors in the tower and the reasons for the flow. The final lesson is a review and summary of the entire distillation process.

PROCESS EQUIPMENT

Duration: 3 hours

This program will provide you with general knowledge of how a distillation column is designed and how the distillation process works. It provides a fundamental knowledge of fractionating equipment, including the tower, temperature and pressure, bubble cap tray and other tray types, packed towers, and auxiliary equipment. Finally, you will be introduced to special distillation applications. The distillation columns and related equipment shown in this program may not be the same as the columns and equipment used in your plant. However, the principles and practices presented in this program are applicable to any normal distillation process.

OPERATING PROCEDURES

Duration: 3 hours

This program provides a fundamental knowledge of tower instrumentation and procedures for monitoring tower operations. You will also learn about standard operating practices for shutdown, cleaning, testing, and start-up. Finally, you will practice your skills in different situations. To appreciate the precautions taken during normal operations, shutdown, and turnaround, the program provides a working knowledge of foreign deposits and liquid traps, explosive mixtures, and unnecessarily rapid changes. A thorough knowledge of these factors and a deep appreciation of the trouble they can cause will permit you to wisely adapt your actions to situations you will experience, especially as they affect the various stages of shutdown and turnaround.

PROCESS VARIABLES

Duration: 5 hours

In any refinery, petrochemical or chemical plant, distillation columns dominate the skyline. While there are many different types of columns and an even larger variety of feeds, the principles that make distillation work are the same in every application. The physical law behind distillation is that heat can be used to separate a mixture of hydrocarbons by their respective boiling points or boiling point ranges. In a distillation column, there must be a balance of heat and material into and out of the tower. These heat and material balance concepts are the same for every column and can be used to predict how a tower will react to any operating change. The concepts of sensible and latent heat, partial pressure, and vapor pressure explain how and why hydrocarbons react as they do during the separation process.In Process Variables, you will learn about the major concepts that are common to all distillation processes, identify how the interaction of process variables can affect product quality, identify factors like reflux and pressure that affect distillation, and describe operational principles that can be utilized to conserve energy and improve quality.

CONSEQUENCES OF DEVIATION

Duration: 2 hours

In this program, you will learn to recognize the symptoms of abnormal fractionating tower operation and learn how to make corrections. This program identifies and analyzes serious abnormalities which affect tower operation, including: flooded trays, high levels, dry trays, trapped water, loss of cooling water, loss of heat, and plugged outlets. The program also discusses the effects of these abnormalities on products, and on temperature, pressure, and flow rates. Consequences of Deviation also outlines the procedures for discovering what is happening in the tower, which corrections are most likely to re-establish normal operation, and how to judge the effects of adjustments. Finally, the program provides practice in solving abnormal operating problems. Using the knowledge from this and the previous programs in this series, you will be able to meet the challenge of abnormal operation and restore the tower to efficient and economical fractionation.

TROUBLESHOOTING TRAYS and TOWERS

Duration: 2 hours

In this program, you will learn to recognize the symptoms of abnormal fractionating tower operation and learn how to make corrections. This program identifies and analyzes serious abnormalities which affect tower operation, including: flooded trays, high levels, dry trays, trapped water, loss of cooling water, loss of heat, and plugged outlets. The program also discusses the effects of these abnormalities on products, and on temperature, pressure, and flow rates. Troubleshooting Trays and Towers also outlines the procedures for discovering what is happening in the tower, which corrections are most likely to re-establish normal operation, and how to judge the effects of adjustments. Finally, the program provides practice in solving abnormal operating problems. Using the knowledge from this and the previous programs in this series, you will be able to meet the challenge of abnormal operation and restore the tower to efficient and economical fractionation.

PROCESS OVERVIEW

Duration: 2 hours

You will learn about the basic function of fluid catalytic cracking, including process chemistry, and fluid catalytic cracking equipment and systems.

PRIMARY EQUIPMENT

Duration: 4 hours

You will learn about the main components of the FCC process: the reactor, regenerator, and fractionator.

KEY PROCESS VARIABLES

Duration: 3 hours

You will learn about the variables and conditions that can impact fluid catalytic cracking operations and how those variables are controlled.

AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

Duration: 4 hours

You will learn about the equipment used in fluid catalytic cracking operation, including the feed preheat system, the flue gas system, catalyst storage and handling, and refinery headers.

CONSEQUENCES OF DEVIATION

Duration: 4 hours

You will learn about how to prevent and react to improper system operation, including equipment problems. You will also learn about events inside and outside that can adversely affect the fluid catalytic cracking operation.

ABNORMAL OPERATIONS

Duration: 1 hour

You will learn how to properly respond to process problems.

PROCESS HAZARDS

Duration: 4 hours

You will learn about how to work safely with a fluid catalytic cracker, including its unique process hazards, its safety systems and equipment, pressure integrity, and handling hot steam condensate.

Duration: 5 hours

You will learn about the process and operations involved in gasoline blending, including the metrics and cost of a blend, blending systems, quality tests, and the mathematics of gasoline blending.

INTRODUCTION

Duration: 2 hours

You will learn about refining operations and the products manufactured in a refining facility. You will also be introduced to crude distillation and gain a basic understanding of the systems within these facilities.

CRUDE DISTILLATION

Duration: 2 hours

You will learn about the basic distillation process, including the function of the distillation tower. You will also be introduced to both steady and unsteady state distillation.

FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING

Duration: 2 hours

The primary function of the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process is to convert larger, higher-boiling hydrocarbon molecules, such as gas oils and residues, to smaller, lower-boiling, higher-value molecules, which can be used for transportation fuels and other petrochemicals; here we will review the equipment used in an FCC.

CATALYTIC REFORMING

Duration: 2 hours

You will learn about the basics of catalytic reforming, catalytic equipment, and the reforming process.

GASOLINE BLENDING

Duration: 2 hours

You will learn about octane and be able to identify its economic costs. You will also be introduced to Reid Vapor Pressure and its characteristics. We will also introduce gasoline blending systems.

REFINERY PROCESS HAZARDS

Duration: 4 hours

You will learn about refining operations and the hazards they pose. You will also be introduced both simple and complex refineries, and gain a basic understanding of the systems within these facilities.

OVERVIEW

Duration: 4 hours

In the Sulfur Recovery and Tail Gas Processing Overview program, you will learn about the primary purpose of the sulfur recovery unit, including a process chemistry, and an overview of the tail gas process.

INTRODUCTION and PROCESS OVERVIEW

Duration: 2 hours

You will learn about the characteristics, uses, and types of sulfuric acid; the production and chemical processes used to manufacture it.

PRIMARY EQUIPMENT

Duration: 2 hours

You will learn about the main components of the sulfuric acid plant including the drying tower, sulfur burner, converter, absorption towers, and the associated heating and cooling equipment.

AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

Duration: 1 hour

You will learn about sulfur and acid storage, sulfur pumps, and the economizer.

PROCESS SAFETY

Duration: 1 hour

You will learn about how to work safely within the sulfuric acid plant, including its unique process hazards, fire fighting measures, spill containment, emissions, and acid mist removal.

INTRODUCTION

Duration: 1 hour

In Introduction to Solvent Deasphalting, you will learn the purpose and function of the Solvent Deasphalting (SDA) unit within a refinery, the main steps in the SDA process, its principal products, and the main chemical reactions.

PRIMARY EQUIPMENT

Duration: 2 hours

You will learn about the main sections within the solvent deasphalting process including extraction, resin recovery, DAO recovery, pitch recovery, and solvent recovery; the different circulation loops used in the SDA process; the purpose and function of the extractor. In addition you will learn about the SDA's primary recovery equipment including the resin settler, resin feed flash drum, resin stripper, DAO stripper, flash drum, separator, pitch stripper, pitch stripper feed flash drum, hot oil heater, hot oil drum, the solvent drum and coolers.

PROCESS VARIABLES

Duration: 1 hour

You will learn about SDA process variables including extraction system temperature, feed composition, and pressure requirements; and SDA solvent process variables including solvent recovery variables, solvent composition importance, solvent-to-oil ratio importance and solvent handling.

PROCESS OPERATIONS

Duration: 1 hour

You will learn about solvent flow through the SDA unit and process flow through the extractor, the DAO separator and stripper, resin stripper and pitch stripper.

ANALYTICAL METHODS and SAMPLE FREQUENCY

Duration: 30 minutes

In Solvent Deasphalting Analytical Methods and Sample Frequency, you will learn about the testing types, frequencies and methods in the solvent deasphalting unit.

UNIT HAZARDS

Duration: 45 minutes

In Solvent Deasphalting Unit Hazards, you will learn about the process hazards in the SDA unit including safely responding to emergency situations, hydrocarbon and hydrogen sulfide hazards unique to SDA operations, and the chemical and other hazards present.

Duration: 5 hours

During process operations, equipment becomes less flexible and increasingly unable to reach maximum production capacity because operating conditions deteriorate. To keep conditions optimal for production, process facilities schedule turnaround (T/A) operations to restore unit operating capabilities. In this series, you will learn about T/A operations, how they are implemented, and the overall impact a turnaround operation has on facility costs.

• Drilling Operations and Systems
• Exploration Rights and Surface/Subsurface Technologies
• Fundamentals of Refining
• Gas Processing Overview
• Hydrocarbon Recovery
• Introduction to Solvents
• Introduction to the Petrochemical Industry
• Modern Oil and Gas Industry
• Overview of the Midstream Industry Segment
• Petroleum Geology
• Petroleum Reservoirs
• Pipelines and Storage Systems
• Production Technology: Flowing Wells and Artificial Lift
• Reservoir Fluids
• Steam Cracking
• Surface Processing of Produced Fluids
• The E&P Asset Life Cycle
• Well Completion and Stimulation

• AC Motors for Operators
• Air Compressors
• Centrifugal Compressors: Introduction
• Centrifugal Compressors: Construction and Operation
• Centrifugal Pumps: Equipment and Operation
• Centrifugal Pumps: Introduction
• Combustion Gas Turbines: Equipment and Operation
• Combustion Gas Turbines: Introduction
• Condensers
• Couplings, Gear Trains, and V-Belts: Gear Trains and V-Belt Drives
• Couplings, Gear Trains, and V-Belts: Machine Connections and Couplings
• Electrical Fundamentals
• Electrical System Basics and Diagrams
• Heat Exchangers: Introduction
• Heat Exchangers: Operations and Maintenance
• Hydrocarbon Chemistry 101
• Instrumentation: Analyzers and Inferentials
• Instrumentation: Measuring Liquid Level
• Instrumentation: Measuring Pressure
• Instrumentation: Measuring Temperature
• Instrumentation: Process and Instrumentation Drawings
• Instrumentation: Regulatory Control
• Instrumentation: Fundamentals of Control
• Instrumentation: Measuring Flow
• Internal Combustion Engines: Introduction
• Internal Combustion Engines: Operating Techniques
• Introduction To Compression
• Introduction to Dynamic Pumps
• Job Hazard Analysis and Stop Work Authority
• Leak Detection and Repair
• Lubrication Concepts
• Mechanics of Fluids: Fluids in Motion
• Mechanics of Fluids: Introduction to Process Fluids
• Mechanics of Fluids: Static Pressure and Head
• Mechanics of Fluids: Units of Fluid Measurement
• Mechanics of Fluids: Behavior of Gases
• Nature of Heat: Fuels and Combustion
• Nature of Heat: Heat and Temperature
• Nature of Heat: Heat Exchange Equipment
• Nature of Heat: Heat Transfer
• Plant Radio Communication
• Positive Displacement Compressors: Construction and Operation
• Positive Displacement Compressors: Introduction

• Electrical Centrifugal Subsurface Pumps: Equipment
• Electrical Centrifugal Subsurface Pumps: Ammeter Recording and Charts
• Electrical Fundamentals
• Flowing Wells: Chokes
• Flowing Wells: Introduction to Pressure and Flow
• Flowing Wells: Operating Flowing Wells
• Flowing Wells: Packers and Valves
• Flowing Wells: The Wellhead, Wellbore, and Christmas Tree
• Flowing Wells: Pressure and Flow in Producing Wells
• Fundamentals of Fluids for Production Operations: Fluid Behavior
• Fundamentals of Fluids for Production Operations: Gases and Static Pressure
• Gas Lift: Equipment
• Gas Lift: Fundamentals
• Gas Lift: Operating Techniques
• Gas Measurement: Electronic Flow Measurement
• Gas Measurement: Equipment and Calculations
• Gas Measurement: Fundamentals
• Gas Measurement: Orifice Flow Calculations
• Gas Measurement: Orifice Meters
• Gas Measurement: Witnessing
• Glycol Dehydration
• Heater Treaters: Fundamentals
• Heater Treaters: Types and Operation
• Hydraulic Subsurface Pumping Systems: Downhole Pumps and Engines
• Hydraulic Subsurface Pumping Systems: Installation and Testing
• Hydraulic Subsurface Pumping Systems: Pump Performance
• Hydraulic Subsurface Pumping Systems: Surface and Tubing Equipment
• Introduction to Service Rig Operations
• Lease Automatic Custody Transfer (LACT)
• Lease Instrumentation: Control Equipment
• Lease Instrumentation: Final Control Devices
• Lease Instrumentation: Sensing and Measuring Equipment
• Oil and Gas Production Overview
• Oil and Gas Reservoirs: Barriers and Traps
• Oil and Gas Reservoirs: Fundamentals
• Oil and Gas Separators
• Oil Field Corrosion
• Oil Field Electricity: Conservation and Classification
• Oil Field Electricity: Electrified Equipment
• Oil Field Electricity: Fundamentals
• Oil Field Electricity: Offshore Oil Field Electricity
• Oil Well Performance and Surveillance: Equipment
• Oil Well Performance and Surveillance: Fundamentals
• Oil Well Performance and Surveillance: Testing
• Plate Tectonics
• Process Component Safety Analysis and System Testing
• Production Facility Gas Processing
• Production Safety Equipment and Support Systems
• Production Safety Systems Regulations and Device Identification
• Reducing Marine Trash and Debris
• Safety Device Operation
• SEMS Standard and Requirements
• Testing and Setting Safety Devices
• Vapor Recovery Systems
• Water Treatment and Disposal: Facilities and Testing
• Water Treatment and Disposal: Fundamentals
• Water Treatment and Disposal: Processes and Equipment
• Well Control and Production Safety Regulations
• Well Pumping: Introduction to Sucker-Rod Systems
• Well Pumping: Operating Sucker-Rods
• Well Pumping: Sucker-Rod Pump Performance
• Well Pumping: Sucker-Rod Surface Equipment
• Well Pumping: Sucker-Rod Systems
• Wireline and Sonar Well Operations

• Basic Core Analysis
• Coring and Core Preservation
• Drilling Fundamentals: Part 1
• Drilling Fundamentals: Part 2
• Introduction to Artificial Lift
• Introduction to Hydraulic Fracturing
• Offshore Systems
• Plate Tectonics
• Porosity
• Special Core Analysis
• Subsea Systems
• Well Completion and Stimulation Fundamentals
• Well Stimulation Methods
• Wellhead Components

• Catalytic Reforming
• Cleaning Activities
• Cooling Towers: Introduction
• Cooling Towers: Water Conditioning
• Corrosion Control
• Cost Reduction for Operators
• Fire Fighting: Extinguishing Agents
• Fire Fighting: Fuels and Combustion
• Fire Fighting: Portable Fire Extinguishers and Foams
• Fire Fighting: Strategies
• Fire Fighting: Tactics
• Fired Heaters: Equipment and Design
• Fired Heaters: Operating Techniques
• Flange Piping
• Fluid Catalytic Cracking
• Furnace Operations: Working With Furnaces
• Introduction to Furnace Operations
• Performing Skills Assessment
• Pipe Fitting Basics
• Practical Distillation: Abnormal Operations
• Practical Distillation: Behavior of Hydrocarbons
• Practical Distillation: Fractionating Equipment
• Practical Distillation: Normal Operations
• Practical Distillation: Operating Procedures
• Practical Distillation: Principles and Practices
• Practical Distillation: Concepts and Quality
• Process Control Tests
• Process Operator Responsiblities
• Process Plant Chemistry
• Safe Laboratory Operations
• Safe Tank Cleaning: Cleaning the Tank
• Safe Tank Cleaning: Gas-Freeing
• Safe Tank Cleaning: Hazardous Materials
• Safe Tank Cleaning: Preparing for Cleaning
• Small Threaded Pipe
• Statistical Process Control
• Tubing
• Valve Maintenance
• Wastewater Treatment: Biological Treatment Process
• Wastewater Treatment: Preliminary Treatment
• Wastewater Treatment: Process Control
• Wastewater Treatment: Testing and Troubleshooting

• Actuators
• Ambient and Process Chillers
• Analyzer Sampling and Conditioning System
• Analyzer Shelters
• Arc Flash Causes and Mitigation
• Basic Electronics
• Batteries
• Bearings
• Blinding and De-blinding
• Cable Duct Banks and Trays
• Capacitor Banks
• Cathodic Protection Systems
• Chlorine Analyzers
• Circuit Breakers
• Columns and Process Vessels
• Compressed Air Dryers
• Condition Monitoring - Agitators and Mixers
• Condition Monitoring - Balancing
• Condition Monitoring - Compressors
• Condition Monitoring - Electrical Motors
• Condition Monitoring - General
• Condition Monitoring - Pumps
• Condition Monitoring - Turbines, Fans and Blowers
• Conductivity Analyzers
• Control Loops
• Control Systems - SCADA, DCS and ESD
• Cooling Towers for Technicians
• Corrosion in Metal
• Custody Meters
• Diesel Engine Generators
• Differential Pressure Flow Measurement
• Dissolved Oxygen Analyzers
• Drive Couplings
• Dust and Coalescer Filters
• Dynamic Compressor Systems, Seals and Routine Tasks
• Dynamic Compressors: Introduction and Operation
• Dynamic Pumps
• EI&A Field Awareness
• Electrical Cables
• Electrical Documentation
• Electrical Heat Tracing
• Electrical Level Measurement
• Electrical Motor Properties, Troubleshooting and Maintenance
• Electrician's Tools and Test Equipment
• Emergency Backup
• Emergency Power Systems
• Engineering Drawings and Symbols
• Extruder Equipment
• Extruder Equipment Maintenance
• Fans and Blowers
• Fans and Blowers Maintenance
• Fasteners
• Fault Diagnosis, Troubleshooting and Machine Inspections
• Fiber Optic Cable
• Filters and Strainers
• Fire Detection
• Fire Protection Systems
• Flame Scanning Devices
• Flow Gauging (Rotameter)
• Forklifts
• Fundamentals of Condition and Predictive Monitoring
• Fundamentals of Demineralized Water Treatment Systems
• Fundamentals of Reverse Osmosis Systems
• Fundamentals of Vibration Measurement
• Fundamentals Principles of Instrument Calibration 
• Gala Pellet Dryer for Technicians
• Gas Chromatography
• Gas Density Analyzers
• Gas Detection
• Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) and Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6)
• Gas Turbines for Technicians
• Gaskets and Packing
• Gears
• Grounding
• Hand and Power Tools for Technicians
• Hazardous Area and Protection Classifications
• Heat Exchangers for Technicians
• High Voltage Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS)
• High Voltage Substation Switchgear
• HVAC Fundamentals
• Hydraulic Systems
• Hydrostatic Head Level Measurement
• Hydrostatic Head Level Measurement - Device Troubleshooting and Calibration
• Hyper Compressor
• Industrial Elevators
• Insulation and Thermal Protection
• Introduction to AC/DC Electrical Motors for Technicians
• Introduction to Auxiliary Boiler Systems
• Introduction to Supervisory Control and Date Acquisition (SCADA)
• Laydown Yards and Area Management
• Leak Detection in Refrigeration Lines
• Lightning Arrester
• Liquid Nitrogen Storage Systems
• Low Voltage Substation Switchgear
• Lubrication Systems, Classifications and Applications
• LV Intelligent Switchgear
• Machine Alignment
• Maintaining HVAC Systems
• Maintaining Storage Tanks
• Maintenance Fundamentals
• Manuals and Drawings
• Mass Flow Measurement
• Measurement and Calibration Basics
• Measuring Tools
• Mechanical Hoses
• Medium Voltage Substation Switchgear
• Medium Voltage Vacuum Contactors
• Melting Flow Rate Analyzers
• Microwave and Laser Level Measurement
• Mixers and Blenders
• Moisture Analyzers
• Motor Signature Analysis (MCE)
• Network and Communication Systems
• Nuclear Radiation Level Measurement
• Oxygen Analyzer
• Pelletizers
• pH Analyzers
• Photometric Analyzers
• Pipe Supports
• Pipes and Fittings
• Planned, Corrective, and Breakdown Maintenance
• Plant Lighting
• Pneumatic Control Systems
• Pneumatic Systems
• Pneumatic Tubing and Fittings
• Point Level Switches
• Positive Displacement Pumps for Technicians
• Potable Water Treatment System
• Power and Distribution Transformers
• Power Cables
• Pressure Measurement
• Pressure Relief Safety Devices
• Preventative Maintenance Plans
• Protective Relays
• Purging Storage Tanks
• Radio and Communication Systems
• Reactors
• Reciprocating Compressors
• Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer
• Reports and Communication
• Rotary Feeder
• Rotary Stem Valves for Technicians
• Rotating Equipment Condition Diagnosis
• Safety in Instrumentation and Control Systems
• SCADA Operation
• Sealing Devices (Gaskets)
• Security Systems
• Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers
• Sight and Float Gauging
• Simple Control System (PLC)
• Sliding Stem Valves for Technicians
• Spark Plugs
• Special Valves
• Steam Boilers
• Steam Condensate Hazards and Removal
• Steam Traps
• Steam Turbine Controls
• Steam Turbines for Technicians
• Storage Tanks
• Structural Safety
• Tank Gauging System
• Tank Roof Inspection
• Temperature Measurement
• Transformer Maintenance
• Ultrasonic Level Measurement
• Understanding pH Measurement
• Uninterruptible Power Supply
• Utility and Instrument Air Systems
• Valve Accessories
• Valve Design and Characteristics
• Valves Inspection, Testing and Repair
• Variable Speed and Frequency Drives (VFD/VSD)
• Vent System and Rundown System
• Volumetric Flow Measurement
• Water Softening Systems
• Weigh Bridges, Docks Levelers & Scales
• Weighing Devices
• Workshop Tools and Equipment

• Amine Sweetening Process
• Fractionation in Gas Processing
• Gas Processing Hazards
• Gas Processing Thermodynamics
• Hydrocarbon Phase Behavior and Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium
• Introduction to Gas Processing for Operations
• Molecular Sieve Dehydration
• Solid Bed Adsorption and TEG Dehydration
• Turboexpander Gas Processing Plant

• Atmospheric and Pressure Storage Tanks
• Automated Control Applications
• Chemical Injection Systems
• Coalescing Filters
• Condensate Stabilization System
• Dewpoint Testing/Requirements
• Electrical Load Centers and Panelboards 
• Electrical System Basics and Diagrams
• Electrical System Protection
• Flare System Fundamentals
• Flare System Hazards and Ignition
• Flare System Purging Startup and Shutdown
• Flowing Pipeline Hydraulics
• Fractional Distillation Process Fundamentals
• Fundamentals of Hazardous Area Classifications 
• Gas Compressor Performance
• Glycol Dehydration Equipment and Operation
• Glycol Injection System Operation
• Glycol Sampling and Testing
• Heat Medium and Hot Oil Systems
• Heat Medium System Operation
• High Pressure Gas Sampling
• High Pressure Liquid Sampling
• Hydrates
• Introduction to Computerized Control Systems
• Introduction to Gas Chromatography
• Introduction to Measurement: Density, Moisture, pH, and Conductivity
• Introduction to Measurement: Level and Flow
• Introduction to Measurement: Temperature and Pressure
• Introduction to Pigging
• Introduction to Pipeline Hydrocarbons
• Introduction to Pipeline Systems
• ISO Truck Tank Construction and Inspection
• Liquid Storage Systems
• Manifold Systems Overview
• Measurement Basics and Standards
• Mercaptan Odorizing Systems
• Methanol Injection
• Motor Control Centers (MCCs) 
• Natural Gas Liquids (NGL) Truck Offloading
• Non-Destructive Examination (NDE)
• Operating Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Tube Samplers
• Pentane (C5)+ Truck Loading
• Pig Launching and Receiving
• Pipeline Batching
• Pipeline Bridge Systems
• Pipeline Commissioning
• Pipeline Crossings
• Pipeline Flow Characteristics and Static Pipeline Hydraulics
• Pipeline Hydrocarbon Measurement and Testing
• Pipeline In-Line Inspection Tools
• Pipeline Input/Feed and Export Systems
• Pipeline Isolation
• Pipeline Purging with Nitrogen
• Process Control Strategies
• Produced Water Treatment
• Propane and Butane Truck Loading
• Propane Refrigeration Units and Low Temperature Separators (LTS)
• Pumping Out Flare Knockout Drums
• Rail Car Inspection
• Rail Car Loading and Offloading
• Rail Car Sampling and Composition Testing
• Recycle Compressor Operation
• Reflux in Fractionation Operations
• Remote Pipeline Startup and Shutdown
• Roto-Launch Automatic Multiple Pig Launcher
• Sales Gas Compressor Operation
• Sales Gas Compressor Types, Use and Limitations
• Sales Gas Filter Replacement
• Salt Caverns and Underground Storage
• Screw Compressor Components and Auxiliary Equipment
• Solid Desiccants
• Tank Isolation
• Tank Venting Systems
• Testing Composition of Offloading Truck NGLs
• Tower Fouling and Corrosion Cleaning
• Turbidity Measurement
• Two Phase and Three Phase Separators
• Underground Storage Tank Inspection and Monitoring
• Water Removal from a Storage Tank Bottom

Process Safety in Operations:

• Audits and Key Performance Indicators
• Emergency Response and Incident Investigation 
• Hazards
• Introduction
• Management of Change
• Projects, Construction and Operations
• Risk Management

• Gasoline Blending Operations
• Refinery Process Overview:
  • Catalytic Reforming
  • Fluid Catalytic Cracking
  • Gasoline Blending
  • Introduction
  • Refinery Process Hazards
  • Crude Distillation
• Solvent Deasphalting
  • Introduction
  • Analytical Methods and Sample Frequency
  • Primary Equipment
  • Process Operations
  • Process Variables
  • Unit Hazards
• Sulfur Recovery and Tail Gas Processing Overview
• Sulfuric Acid Plant:
  • Auxiliary Equipment
  • Introduction and Process Overview
  • Primary Equipment
  • Process Safety
• SYDEC Delayed Coking Process:
  • Overview
  • Auxiliary Equipment
  • Consequences of Deviation
  • Operations
  • Primary Equipment
  • Process Hazards
• Turnaround Operations

• Access to Medical Records
• Accident Control Techniques: Introduction
• Accident Control Techniques: Safe Work Practices
• American Chemistry Council: Responsible Care
• Asbestos
• Assessing Occupational Exposure
• Benzene
• Combustible Dust Hazards
• Confined Space Entry
• DOT Drug and Alcohol Testing
• DOT Hazardous Materials Employee Safety
• DOT Hazardous Materials General Awareness
• DOT Hazardous Materials Transportation Security Awareness
• Driving Safety
• EHS Regulatory Overview
• Electrical Safety for Qualified Employees
• Electrical Safety for Unqualified Employees
• Emergency Action Plans, Alarm Systems, and Fire Prevention Plans
• Environmental Awareness
• Excavation and Trenching
• Excavation and Trenching for Operations Personnel
• Explosive and Flammable Chemicals
• Export Compliance and Global Trade Guidelines
• Eye and Face Protection
• Eye Wash and Safety Showers
• Fall Prevention
• First Aid Procedures
• Forklifts and Powered Industrial Trucks
• Hand and Power Tool Safety
• Hand Safety
• Hazard Communication
• Hazards of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM)
• Hazwoper: Awareness
• Hazwoper: Operations
• Hazwoper: Overview
• Hearing Protection
• Heat Stress Safety
• Helicopter Safety
• Hot Work
• Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
• Incident Reporting and Investigation
• Industrial Ergonomics
• Industrial Hygiene
• Introduction to Hazmat Transportation Regulations
• Introduction to Process Safety Management (PSM)
• Ionizing Radiation
• Irritants, Corrosives, and Sensitizers
• Jet Fuel Quality Control
• Laboratory Safety
• Ladder Safety
• Ladder Safety for Construction
• Line Breaking
• Lockout/Tagout
• Manual Handling and Lifting Techniques
• Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM)
• Nitrogen Safe Use and Handling
• Occupational Exposure to 1,3-Butadiene
• Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens
• Occupational Exposure to Carcinogens
• Occupational Exposure to Chlorine
• Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde
• Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium
• Occupational Exposure to Hydrochloric Acid
• Occupational Exposure to Lead
• Occupational Exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica
• Occupational Exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica - General Industry
• Occupational Exposure to Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda)
• Occupational Exposure to Sulfur Dioxide
• Occupational Exposure to Sulfuric Acid
• Office Ergonomics
• Office Fire Safety
• Office Safety
• Offshore Water Safety
• Oxygen-Fuel Gas Welding and Cutting
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Portable Fire Extinguishers
• Portable Fire Extinguishers: Non-Emergency Responder
• Process Safety and Fatigue Management
• Process Safety and Fatigue Management for Supervisors
• RCRA Emergency Response
• RCRA Generators
• RCRA Transporters
• RCRA Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities
• Respiratory Protection
• Rigging, Slings and Crane Lifts
• Scaffolding
• Security Training:  All Personnel
• Security Training: Facility Security Officer Overview
• Security Training: Security Personnel
• Specifications for Accident Prevention Signs and Tags
• Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures
• Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia
• Toxic Chemicals
• Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
• Unstable and Reactive Chemicals
• Vehicle-Mounted Elevated Work Platforms and Aerial Lifts
• Walking/Working Surfaces
• Warehouse Safety
• Working on Scaffolds
• Workplace Violence

• Access to Medical Records - UK
• Asbestos - UK
• Assessing Occupational Exposure - UK
• Benzene - UK
• Confined Space Entry - UK
• Driving Safety - UK
• Electrical Safety for Qualified Employees - UK
• Electrical Safety for Unqualified Employees - UK
• Environmental Awareness - UK
• Excavation and Trenching - UK
• Explosive and Flammable Chemicals - UK
• Eye and Face Protection - UK
• Eye Wash and Safety Showers - UK
• Fall Prevention - UK
• First Aid Procedures - UK
• Forklifts and Powered Industrial Trucks - UK
• Hand Safety - UK
• Hazardous Waste Spill Response, Containment and Decontamination - UK
• Hearing Protection - UK
• Heat Stress Safety - UK
• Helicopter Safety - UK
• Hot Work - UK
• Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) - UK
• Incident Reporting and Investigation - UK
• Industrial Ergonomics - UK
• Industrial Hygiene - UK
• Ionising Radiation - UK
• Irritants, Corrosives, and Sensitizers - UK
• Laboratory Safety - UK
• Ladder Safety - UK
• Line Breaking - UK
• Lockout/Tagout - UK
• Manual Handling and Lifting Techniques - UK
• Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) - UK
• Nitrogen Safe Use and Handling - UK
• Occupational Exposure to 1,3-Butadiene - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Carcinogens - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Chlorine - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Hydrochloric Acid - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Lead - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda) - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Sulphur Dioxide - UK
• Occupational Exposure to Sulphuric Acid - UK
• Office Ergonomics - UK
• Office Fire Safety - UK
• Office Safety - UK
• Offshore Water Safety - UK
• Overview of Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response - UK
• Oxygen-Fuel Gas Welding and Cutting - UK
• Personal Protective Equipment - UK
• Portable Fire Extinguishers - UK
• Portable Fire Extinguishers: Non-Emergency Responder - UK
• Process Safety and Fatigue Management - UK
• Process Safety and Fatigue Management for Supervisors - UK
• Respiratory Protection - UK
• Rigging, Slings and Crane Lifts - UK
• Specifications for Accident Prevention Signs and Tags - UK
• Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures - UK
• Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia - UK
• Toxic Chemicals - UK
• Unstable and Reactive Chemicals - UK
• Vehicle-Mounted Elevated Work Platforms and Aerial Lifts - UK
• Walking/Working Surfaces - UK
• Warehouse Safety - UK
• Workplace Violence - UK